The Fed is Playing Catch Up with Inflation

Core inflation is still climbing, and the Fed can't cut rates just yet. Find out why rising shelter costs are keeping inflation high.

So, inflation numbers dropped yesterday, and guess what? Your rent still isn’t getting any cheaper. While the headlines are celebrating, core inflation—aka the stuff that actually affects your daily life—isn’t cooling fast enough.

While headline inflation grabs attention, the Fed's bigger problem is core inflation, driven largely by housing costs.

What’s Really Driving Inflation? Well, core inflation increased by 0.3% in August 2024, following a 0.2% rise in July. Over the past year, core inflation has increased 3.2%, driven mainly by rising shelter costs. Shelter jumped 0.5% in August.

This is a MoM increase breakdown of core CPI

This chart shows how shelter costs have been a large driver of core inflation. Food prices were stable (0.1% increase in August), and energy prices fell (-0.8% month-over-month).

Despite a 2.5% year-over-year increase in headline inflation, the core inflation rate of 3.2% is preventing the Fed from cutting rates. Cutting rates too soon could reignite inflation, especially with shelter costs still climbing.

For consumers, borrowing costs, including mortgage rates, will remain high. With shelter costs rising 0.5% month-over-month and continuing to be the largest component of core CPI, rent and housing costs are unlikely to ease soon.

Homebuyers and renters could expect these elevated costs to persist. Meanwhile, energy prices are offering some relief, with gasoline prices down 0.6% and overall energy prices down 4.0% year-over-year, but the overall cost of living remains elevated due to shelter inflation.

The latest August 2024 CPI report shows that while headline inflation is improving, core inflation—driven primarily by shelter—remains a challenge. The Federal Reserve is unlikely to lower interest rates until shelter costs come down significantly. Consumers should prepare for continued high costs in housing and borrowing.

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